Bacteroids had normal levels of proteins involved in amino acid biosynthesis, glycolysis or gluconeogenesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway however, several amino acid degradation pathways were repressed. Other major bacteroid proteins included symbiosis-specific cytochromes and FixABCX, which transfer electrons to nitrogenase. Nitrogenase subunits comprised approximately 12% of quantified bacteroid proteins. In total, 1,131 proteins had similar levels in bacteroids and free-living cells, and the low levels of 723 proteins prevented statistically significant assignments. The abundance of 1,361 proteins displayed strong lifestyle bias. In all, 3,215 proteins were identified, over half of the open reading frames predicted from the genomic sequence. Using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), we analyzed the proteome of Sinorhizobium medicae WSM419 growing as free-living cells and in symbiosis with Medicago truncatula.
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